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Acetylcholinesterase inhibition and cytotoxicity of flavonoids and chalcones from Derrisÿindica

ThurdpongÿSribuhom^a, ChalotornÿSaraphon^a, PhatharapollÿDecharchoochart^a, ChantanaÿBoonyarat^b, ChaviÿYenjai^a,*

 
ABSTRACT:     Derris indica, a Thai medicinal plant, contains biologically active substances such as flavone, flavanone, chalcone, and rotenoid compounds. Many compounds from this plant show antitumour, antihyperglycaemic, and anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, eleven compounds including six flavonoid and five chalcone compounds were isolated from the seed of D.ÿindica. Their structures were established on the basis of NMR spectroscopic data. Desmethoxykanugin showed 100% inhibition to acetylcholinesterase, being about two fold stronger than the standard, tacrine, but cytotoxic against normal cells. Fortunately, pongaflavone and (2R,3R)-3-hydroxy-5-methoxy-2′′,2′′-dimethylpyrano[7,8:5′′,6′′]-flavanone displayed around 50% inhibition to AChE as compared to the standard and they were inactive against normal cells. Thus these compounds could be developed to treat Alzheimer's disease. In addition, candidone, pongamol, obovatachalcone, derrischalcone, and tunicatachalcone showed cytotoxic activity against KB cell line with IC₅₀ values ranging from 8–18ÿµg/ml.

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* Corresponding author, E-mail: chayen@kku.ac.th

Received 29 Dec 2015, Accepted 0 0000