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Cotton tree (Bombax ceiba L.) flower stamen extract: Turning a food ingredient into a reducing agent for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles

Sakoolrud Raunmoon^a, Supakid Sachak^a, Waranya Thong-in^a, Boonyakorn Sonkhayan^a, Pitak Nasomjai^a, Phichaya Khamai^b, Arthid Thim-uam^b, Paideang Khwanchai^c, Chee O. Too^a, Widsanusan Chartarrayawadee^a,*

 
ABSTRACT:     Cotton tree (Bombax ceiba L.) flower stamen has been used widely as a northern Thai food ingredient. In this work, microwave extraction was applied to obtain the Bombax ceiba L. (BOMBAX) flower stamen extract for use as a reducing agent in the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The concentration of BOMBAX used was in the range of 0.05 to 0.25 wt%. Quasi-spherical and semi-rectangular shapes of AgNPs were obtained. The synthesized AgNPs showed a high mean zeta potential value of more than ?30 mV, indicating the long-term stability and superior dispersity of AgNPs due to the repulsion of negative charges. Furthermore, the antibacterial potency of the synthesized AgNPs affords a good inhibition zone for both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, especially the gram-negative and antibiotic-resistant bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa, showing an inhibition zone diameter of 19.4?0.4 mm compared with that of chlophenicol (13.0?0.0 mm). This result suggests that the synthesized AgNPs present good colloidal stability and show good potential as an antibacterial agent for antibiotic-resistant bacteria, especially P. aeruginosa.

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* Corresponding author, E-mail: widsanusan.ch@up.ac.th

Received 7 Dec 2022, Accepted 28 Nov 2023