A fluorescent probe with a thiophene tail for monitoring polarity in water and powder injections

Xiao Zhou^a, Lei Zhang^a, Yuwen Lao^a, Bin Zhou^a, Yangyang Guo^b,, Zhongquan Zhu^a,

ABSTRACT: In this work, a fluorescent probe with a thiophene tail named TBT-Po was developed for monitoring the polarity in water and powder injections. It had the planar thiophene subunit as a rotatable tail instead of the previously reported multiple chains. In the EtOH-in-water solution system, the fluorescence intensity at 551 nm increased along with the EtOH proportion (lower polarity) under excitation at 446 nm, while the absorbance varied simultaneously. TBT-Po showed rapid and stable performance in polarity detection, while the monitoring system was sensitive to pH conditions. The fluorescence response with TBT-Po was not obviously affected by the solutes. Most significantly, using dexmedetomidine as a representative, the recovery of the established approach with TBT-Po in both the water and powder injections was stable. The findings of this work are useful for developing further strategies for the production, storage, and utilization of the injections.

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^a	Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua 321000 China
^b	Chongzuo Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization Technology of Manganese Resources, Guangxi Key Laboratory for High-value Utilization of Manganese Resources, College of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Guangxi Minzu Normal University, Chongzuo 532200 China

* Corresponding author, E-mail: zhuzqzxyy@163.com, guodoubley1991@163.com

Received 15 May 2026, Accepted 27 Aug 2026

A fluorescent probe with a thiophene tail for monitoring polarity in water and powder injections

Xiao Zhoua, Lei Zhanga, Yuwen Laoa, Bin Zhoua, Yangyang Guob,*, Zhongquan Zhua,*

Xiao Zhou^a, Lei Zhang^a, Yuwen Lao^a, Bin Zhou^a, Yangyang Guo^b,, Zhongquan Zhu^a,