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ScienceAsia 47 (2021): 531-541 |doi: 10.2306/scienceasia1513-1874.2021.095


A review of catalyst and multifunctional reactor development for sustainable biodiesel production


Narita Chanthona, Kanokwan Ngaosuwanb, Worapon Kiatkittipongc, Doonyapong Wongsawaengd, Weerinda Appamanae, Suttichai Assabumrungrata,f,*

 
ABSTRACT:     Biodiesel is an alternative green fuel commonly used worldwide. The biodiesel production process consists mainly of production and purification steps. In the production step, there are two main reactions, transesterification and esterification, that require novel catalysts to achieve high yield in a short processing time; however, the immiscibility of the reactants limits the mass transfer and consequently the reaction rate. This article reviews the development of various catalysts: acid, base, and bifunctional catalysts, for transesterification and esterification. In addition, some interesting multifunctional reactors to improve biodiesel production are briefly discussed. A functionalized acid/base catalyst on a metal oxide support is a potential catalyst for transesterification/esterification. Moreover, an ultrasound-assisted reactor is a promising multifunctional reactor to be used in batch or continuous operation for biodiesel production with both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts.

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a Center of Excellence on Catalysis and Catalytic Reaction Engineering, Department of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330 Thailand
b Chemical Engineering Division, Department of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Krungthep, Bangkok 10120 Thailand
c Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Technology, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000 Thailand
d Research Unit on Plasma Technology for High-Performance Materials Development, Department of Nuclear Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330 Thailand
e Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani 12110 Thailand
f Bio-Circular-Green-economy Technology & Engineering Center, BCGeTEC, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330 Thailand

* Corresponding author, E-mail: Suttichai.a@chula.ac.th

Received 17 Aug 2021, Accepted 0 0000